TY - JOUR

T1 - The effect of weight loss on whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid content and composition: SWEET substudy

AU - Pang, Michelle D

AU - Bastings, Jacco J A J

AU - Op den Kamp-Bruls, Yvonne M H

AU - Harrold, Joanne A

AU - Kjølbæk, Louise

AU - Halford, Jason C G

AU - Adam, Tanja C M

AU - Raben, Anne

AU - Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B

AU - Goossens, Gijs H

AU - Blaak, Ellen E

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Obesity published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Obesity Society.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Objective: This study (1) investigated the effect of weight loss on whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and composition and (2) investigated the association between weight-loss-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and IHL content in individuals with overweight or obesity. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the European SWEET project, 50 adults (age 18–65 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) followed a low-energy diet (LED) for 2 months. At baseline and after the LED, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), IHL content and composition (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI), and hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI) were determined (7-point oral glucose tolerance test). Results: The LED reduced body weight (p < 0.001). This was accompanied by increased Matsuda index and reduced HIRI (both p < 0.001) but no change in MISI (p = 0.260). Weight loss decreased IHL content (mean [SEM], 3.9% [0.7%] vs. 1.6% [0.5%], p < 0.001) and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction (41.0% [1.5%] vs. 36.6% [1.9%], p = 0.039). The reduced IHL content was associated with an improvement in HIRI (r = 0.402, p = 0.025). Conclusions: Weight loss decreased IHL content and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction. The decrease in IHL content was associated with weight-loss-induced improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity in individuals with overweight or obesity.

AB - Objective: This study (1) investigated the effect of weight loss on whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and composition and (2) investigated the association between weight-loss-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and IHL content in individuals with overweight or obesity. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the European SWEET project, 50 adults (age 18–65 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) followed a low-energy diet (LED) for 2 months. At baseline and after the LED, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), IHL content and composition (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI), and hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI) were determined (7-point oral glucose tolerance test). Results: The LED reduced body weight (p < 0.001). This was accompanied by increased Matsuda index and reduced HIRI (both p < 0.001) but no change in MISI (p = 0.260). Weight loss decreased IHL content (mean [SEM], 3.9% [0.7%] vs. 1.6% [0.5%], p < 0.001) and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction (41.0% [1.5%] vs. 36.6% [1.9%], p = 0.039). The reduced IHL content was associated with an improvement in HIRI (r = 0.402, p = 0.025). Conclusions: Weight loss decreased IHL content and the hepatic saturated fatty acid fraction. The decrease in IHL content was associated with weight-loss-induced improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity in individuals with overweight or obesity.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Weight loss

KW - Insulin sensitivity

KW - Intrahepatic lipid

KW - Overweight

KW - Obesity

U2 - 10.1002/oby.23773

DO - 10.1002/oby.23773

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37368517

AN - SCOPUS:85163583159

VL - 31

SP - 1745

EP - 1754

JO - Obesity

JF - Obesity

SN - 1930-7381

IS - 7

ER -