TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations of weight and body composition at birth with body composition and cardiometabolic markers in children aged 10 y: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition birth cohort study

AU - Megersa, Bikila Soboka

AU - Zinab, Beakal

AU - Ali, Rahma

AU - Kedir, Elias

AU - Girma, Tsinuel

AU - Berhane, Melkamu

AU - Admasu, Bitiya

AU - Friis, Henrik

AU - Abera, Mubarek

AU - Olsen, Mette Frahm

AU - Filteau, Suzanne

AU - Nitsch, Dorothea

AU - Yilma, Daniel

AU - Wells, Jonathan C K

AU - Andersen, Gregers Stig

AU - Wibæk, Rasmus

N1 - Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Background: Although birth weight (BW) has been associated with later cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, the role of birth fat mass (BFM) and birth fat-free mass (BFFM) on cardiometabolic health is unclear.Objective: To examine associations of BW, BFM, and BFFM with later anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers.Methods: Birth cohort data on standardized exposure variables (BW, BFM, and BFFM) and follow-up information at age 10 y on anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers were included. A linear regression analysis was used to assess associations of exposures with outcome variables, adjusting for maternal and child characteristics at birth and current body size in separate models.Results: Among 353 children, mean (SD) age was 9.8 (1.0) years, and 51.5% were boys. In the fully adjusted model, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.81 (95%CI: 0.21, 1.41) and 1.25 (95%CI: 0.64, 1.85) cm greater height at 10 y, respectively. The 1-SD higher BW and BFM were associated with 0.32 kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.14, 0.51 kg/m2) and 0.42 kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.25, 0.59 kg/m2) greater fat mass index at 10 y, respectively. In addition, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.22 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.34 kg/m2) greater FFM index, whereas a 1-SD greater BFM was associated with a 0.05 cm greater subcutaneous adipose tissue (95% CI: 0.01, 0.11 cm). Furthermore, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.3% (95% CI: 1.4%, 20.0%) and 8.3% (95% CI: -0.5%, 17.9%) greater insulin, respectively. Similarly, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.0% (95% CI: 0.9%, 20.0%) and 8.5% (95% CI: -0.6%, 18.5%) greater homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, respectively.Conclusions: BW and BFFM rather than BFM are predictors of height and FFM index at 10 y. Children with higher BW and BFFM showed higher insulin concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance at 10 y  of age. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN46718296.

AB - Background: Although birth weight (BW) has been associated with later cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, the role of birth fat mass (BFM) and birth fat-free mass (BFFM) on cardiometabolic health is unclear.Objective: To examine associations of BW, BFM, and BFFM with later anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers.Methods: Birth cohort data on standardized exposure variables (BW, BFM, and BFFM) and follow-up information at age 10 y on anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers were included. A linear regression analysis was used to assess associations of exposures with outcome variables, adjusting for maternal and child characteristics at birth and current body size in separate models.Results: Among 353 children, mean (SD) age was 9.8 (1.0) years, and 51.5% were boys. In the fully adjusted model, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.81 (95%CI: 0.21, 1.41) and 1.25 (95%CI: 0.64, 1.85) cm greater height at 10 y, respectively. The 1-SD higher BW and BFM were associated with 0.32 kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.14, 0.51 kg/m2) and 0.42 kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.25, 0.59 kg/m2) greater fat mass index at 10 y, respectively. In addition, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 0.22 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.34 kg/m2) greater FFM index, whereas a 1-SD greater BFM was associated with a 0.05 cm greater subcutaneous adipose tissue (95% CI: 0.01, 0.11 cm). Furthermore, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.3% (95% CI: 1.4%, 20.0%) and 8.3% (95% CI: -0.5%, 17.9%) greater insulin, respectively. Similarly, 1-SD higher BW and BFFM were associated with 10.0% (95% CI: 0.9%, 20.0%) and 8.5% (95% CI: -0.6%, 18.5%) greater homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, respectively.Conclusions: BW and BFFM rather than BFM are predictors of height and FFM index at 10 y. Children with higher BW and BFFM showed higher insulin concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance at 10 y  of age. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN46718296.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Birth weight

KW - Birth fat mass

KW - Birth fat-free mass

KW - Air displacement plethysmograph

KW - Abdominal fat

KW - Cardiometabolic markers

KW - Children

KW - Cohort study

KW - Ethiopia

U2 - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.010

DO - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.010

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37328067

VL - 118

SP - 412

EP - 421

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

SN - 0002-9165

IS - 2

ER -